中醫有效方不能持續一劑服到底

[MK]

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/ ... 2kxiy.html
更新日期:2011/01/17 00:07 【記者萬博超／台北報導】
服用一帖中藥，即使覺得效果很好，也不能持續服用過久。廣州中醫藥大學教授李賽美昨(16)日在海峽兩岸中醫藥學術論壇中表示，服用中藥「無效須更方，有效也得更方」；就算是效果很好的處方，也需由醫師按照病情發展及健康變化，「更動調整」，有效的藥方持續服用過久也可能誘發副作用。


2011海峽兩岸中醫藥學術論壇昨在台北的國立中國醫藥研究所舉辦，廣州中醫藥大學教授李賽美表示，醫師處方藥如果患者經歷一段時間服用，效果不佳，診治醫師當然得思考另闢途徑；但即使效果佳，仍不能持續給同一種藥方太久。


她指出，有些民眾每次求診都要求開同一藥方，臨床上有老年人大熱天穿棉襖，極為怕冷，卻還是要求開大黃這類瀉下苦寒藥材，顯然是先前服用時覺得效果頗佳，因此希望能持續服用，殊不知長期服藥後，體質轉變，調整更替藥物有其必要，否則反而傷身。有些大陸醫院已規定同一中藥不能連續處方逾1個月。


中醫通常依照患者狀況及服藥時間長短，將處方的藥材增添或去除。中藥在臨床應用上，依病症的輕重、類型，依醫師的經驗來加減，講求靈活。


中藥處方須依照病患的病情去調整，醫師提醒，絕不宜一帖藥從頭吃到尾。醫師會依病人的病情進展，去調整處方內容，用藥更合乎病人需要，才符合中醫精神。通常醫師依照患者的主症，選定主要方劑，再搭配一些單味藥來處理次要症狀。


李賽美教授另於論壇中表示，高熱、驚厥、休克，昏迷等危急重症患者的寒熱表現常令人誤解，有些患者雖然四肢冰冷，但胸腹發熱，或先熱後寒，情況不同用藥須精確，才有機會發揮效用。


李賽美提醒，例如感染性休克，雖然四肢冰冷，但胸腹頗熱，屬於先熱後厥的表現，必須清熱解毒，活血通下，用錯藥方通常很難挽救病人。


其他如心、腎功能衰竭等危重症，李賽美指出，情況多是四肢厥冷，身體也涼，此時就得使用回陽救逆的方藥，此時也不能遲疑，否則病患危在旦夕，用藥須避免「撒大網」，必須辯證精確，才能發揮效果。


傳統中醫對於休克、身體機能衰竭的患者，多用回陽益氣類的藥方，這類藥物能輔助強心，升高病患血壓。


心力衰竭的民眾常見四肢冰冷，面色蒼白、心悸多汗、尿少，呼吸急促，血壓下降，脈象微弱，幾乎摸不到，治療上當然得強心，中醫稱此為回陽益氣與復脈救逆。

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