台電的電採購文化未改 全民不埋單

[城城]

以下這則舊新聞,對照今日台電購煤造成年虧損二千億,全民買單,是台電的主事者低能還是貪**

台電的電採購文化未改 全民不埋單

記者歐祥義╱特稿

原本應該要擘劃台灣未來能源供應及各部門因應氣候變化綱要公約的全國能源會議，卻變質成眾人為調漲電價背書大會，政府若不解除台電每年超過百億元的政策任務支出，及台電內部浮濫的採購文化未作整頓改善，單單以燃料上漲作漲電價的理由，我們實在難以接受。

根據台電的預估資料顯示，今年夏季電力系統淨尖峰供電能力約為3606萬瓩，尖峰負載為3037萬瓩，系統備用容量率為18.7%，也就是有673萬瓩的發電裝置是處於備而不用的閒置狀態，電廠過度設立造成電力過剩，這些幾近浪費的投資成本不應由全民來負擔，全國能源會議中有人主張漲電價來達成「以價制量」的節能目標，這是說不通的。

主管官員或學者在主張電價調漲前，應該先到台電全國各大電廠的備料倉庫看一看。原因在於各電廠浮濫的採購文化，使得台電每年購買電廠專用配件（即所謂呆料）的金額平均至少在50億元以上，依台電內部最近曾作的一份調查統計資料，全國各電廠的呆料帳面總值金額為1734億元，其中核一到核三廠呆料金額分別為16億元、20億元及21億元，高居各電廠之冠。

台電浮濫的採購文化，在於各電廠的廠長或主管處長有權直接決定採購的品項，總公司總經理或董事長無從插手，尤其當有廠長、處長要退休時，主管的電廠往往在半年前會出現大額的配料採購，箇中緣由不足為外人道也。

荒唐的採購文化已到囂張程度，舉例而言，通霄電廠去年備品史無前例地採取「統購」模式作限制性招標，既然是「統購」理論上應是全年所需備品一次購足，結果通霄電廠分別於去年3月及10月各舉行一次備品「統購」招標，採購廠商均是同一家，總採購金額為8億元；核三廠去年採購低壓汽機葉片固定座，竟分成設備、檢修及顧問服務3個標，總金額為3億元，恰巧限制性招標的對象也是與通霄電廠同一家，這種現象應如何解釋？

一位曾任台電高層主管就曾私下感歎，各電廠大肆購買呆料，主管再拿回扣，這種台電次文化幾乎是公開的秘密，但總管理處無法介入，實在是電廠經營人才難尋，尤其是核電廠管理人才，根本沒有可取代性，所以才會對這種現象睜一隻眼、閉一隻眼，只要不出事就好。

台電內部調查將呆料以5年為單位逐項統計列冊，占比重最多年限是5到15年，也不乏有25年以上未動用呆料。

浮濫採購呆料的文化沒解決，台電連說調漲電價的權利都沒有，不要拿全民的血汗錢來供養少數不肖主管。

還有，台電採購燃煤的成本竟然是民間的二倍，根據92年度的數據顯示，民間電廠發電每度的燃煤成本是0.247元，台電同時間的數字卻是每度電0.776元，「一隻牛剝好幾層皮」，一位台電主管如此形容台電的燃煤採購文化。

層層索賄造成台電購煤成本金額居高不下，數字攤開來根本禁不起檢驗，去年台電的購煤金額是427億元，依上述與民間電廠的採購成本推論，至少有200億元是轉到私人口袋中，請台電把購煤成本攤在陽光下並與民間電廠作對比，再來談電價是應該上漲還是降價。

政策任務的支出也佔台電成本極大比重，就像台糖賠錢替蔗農製糖的型態一樣，台電替政府收購汽電共生、風力發電、小水力等再生能源，每度電的平均收購成本是2元，台電輸電及配電成本是每度電0.4元，但是每度電的平均售電價格是2.05元，台電賠錢在替政府執行能源政策，照理說，此部份應由經濟部能源局每年編列預算，補貼台電政策任務虧損，政府不應便宜行事，趁燃料漲價時作藉口由全民來埋單。

台電在91年及92年時，年度稅後盈餘各高達249億元及243億元，也沒有聽說要反應成本調降電價，今年預估虧損金額約為140億元，以台電的資產規模來看，實在是小兒科，89年停建核四110天，直接與間接損失超過135億元，也沒聽到台電哼一聲。

人民已經夠苦了，台電的採購文化未作改善，及政策任務損失沒有釐清，政府不要再來談漲電價的事。

昨非,今非,為什麼當了那麼多年董事長的陳貴明還會買那麼貴的煤炭,或許是貴這個字害的吧
電價那麼貴,到底是誰害的啊,害得我每個月要多付那麼多的錢,什麼東西都漲了,但是看病的人郤變少了,我也快活不下去了,吃人的台電,吸血鬼的台電,一直喊著日子很苦的阿珠,查理你們在那裏啊

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