《有此一說》聊八卦好處多多…能讓人互信團結 (轉載)

[A-HSIEN]

更新日期:2008/07/31 04:09
〔編譯鄭寺音／綜合報導〕「英國皇家學會學報：生物學」三十日刊登的研究指出，多講八卦對社會其實是有好處的，因為閒言閒語不僅讓人彼此信賴，也會使人更慈悲為懷。


賽局理論家曾發表研究指出，人類之所以會幫助陌生人，是因為沽名釣譽使然，人類透過「我幫你，其他人會幫我」的「間接互惠」過程，發展出合作關係，而建立名聲正是其中很重要的一點。


一個德國團隊想研究，如果想建立名聲，能倚靠八卦到什麼程度；而要是想摧毀名聲，又要濫用八卦到什麼程度。


他們將德國基爾大學與奧地利維也納大學的學生，歸成十二人一組、共十一組進行一場實驗性的遊戲，讓參與的學生給彼此金錢，並讓學生寫下對其他人的評論（也是一種八卦），藉此測試參與者對彼此的信賴程度，並研究八卦對潛在接收者的名聲與最終捐獻結果的影響。


他們發現，透過八卦傳播的互惠、信賴與名聲之間，有正面的關聯，「多樣的八卦讓人更了解一個人的真正行為，也因為如此，虛構或是不正確的閒言閒語如果不多，不會有太大力量。」同個團體一份支持稍早研究的詳細分析顯示，人們比較常與合作者合作，說合作者的閒話內容，也比八卦背叛者時正面。


研究發現，最能從蜚短流長中受益的人，就是那些能發現誰是可靠的交換夥伴、誰是騙子的人。這是因為，要在社會環境成功，需要有預測與影響他人行為的社會智慧。此外，凡是著迷於他人八卦的人，往往也比不愛八卦者成功。這也證實八卦是社會相關訊息的傳播媒介，說長道短，確實有助讓社會更趨團結。


不過，如果八卦得來的消息是某人好或壞得不得了，此時這種八卦的效果就會降低，因為人的天性就不願相信某人是完全好或完全壞。

[sjchen]

這叫做.....相互了解......

知己知彼...........

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