牙周病患易引發心臟病 嚴防細菌入心

[MK]

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/ ... 1kg2l.html
更新日期:2009/06/01 12:11 中時健康 黃曼瑩／台北報導
目前「宅男宅女」蔚為流行，但是根據了解這一些族群因為長時間居家，生活閒散，反而牙齒保健多數不及格，且多已罹患輕微牙周病。放著牙周病不管，小心會有疾病風險，甚至危及生命。罹患牙周病的人，發生心血管疾病、中風、心絞痛、糖尿病和早產風險明顯上升，根據研究數據統計，患有牙周病的人，可能引發心臟病的機率，甚至是一般沒有牙周病者的1.5至2倍！

人體口腔內有無數細菌，平均1C.C.唾液，細菌數量就有10億個以上，WCLI雷射醫學會專科醫師暨台灣植體醫學會專科醫師呂睿庭表示，有蛀牙、牙周病或口腔黏膜經常受傷者，細菌都可以趁虛而入，甚至跟隨著牙周組織的血液流到心臟，附著在受傷的心臟瓣膜，引發細菌性心內膜炎，如果沒有及早發現，嚴重者可能危及性命安全。患有先天心臟病、風濕性心臟病、二尖瓣脫垂及經靜脈注射的吸毒者等高危險群，應在至牙醫求診時，應先向牙醫師說明病情，預先服食抗生素預防細菌入心，以避免細菌感染所造成的感染性心內膜炎。

有的人誤以為只要給牙醫師洗牙，就可以避免牙周病上身，其實單靠洗牙並不能解決所有牙周病問題，因為牙周病嚴重程度不同，採取的治療方式也不一樣。如果僅是依靠定期洗牙，每天卻不好好清理牙齒，就如同每年只大掃除一次，並無法達到徹底清潔效果。目前已經有無痛雷射治療牙周病，不但可清除口腔內有害滅菌，還能活化牙周組織的自癒與再造能力。

牙周病患者絕對不能拖延治療，不要等到骨床移動、牙齒動搖，才想到就醫，必需把握治療時間，以免造成更大的傷害。呂睿庭表示，牙周病如果沒有好好治療，會愈來愈嚴重，齒槽骨將會大量流失，牙周組織嚴重遭受破壞並造成牙齒大幅度的晃動、牙齒會東倒西歪、牙縫變大，造成口齒不清的問題。

牙周病治療大致分為三階段，包括基礎治療階段，即除了個人正確的潔牙方式外，還需牙醫師作專業的潔牙，例如超音波洗牙、深部的牙結石刮除等，另還需將牙齒上不適合的填補物或假牙重新處理。第二階段為傳統翻瓣手術輔以雷射治療階段，即利用牙周刮除術清除壞死組織，再以雷射殺菌及刺激牙周組織和骨頭再生，第三階段即針對個人對於口腔之照護並定期追蹤檢查。

第一次求診，可以先照一張全口的X光片，以利進一步評估牙周病程度及治療方式。牙醫師許先麟表示，預防勝於治療，希望在問題發生前，就能事先發現，並且做一些保健預防措施。任何手術進行之前，都需與經驗豐富雷射專科醫師溝通，術前做最佳的醫療計畫，確保手術安全性，以及做好術後保養與維護。

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