萬能幹細胞 零致癌風險 國衛院領先全球

[MK]

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/ ... 2ar4s.html
更新日期:2010/08/09 13:05
幹細胞研究有重大突破！國衛院領先全球，利用兩個基因，成功將臍帶血管內皮細胞，合成出無致癌風險的誘導式多功能幹細胞，也就是所謂的萬能幹細胞，實驗顯示，這類幹細胞分化能力與胚胎幹細胞相當，為實際進入臨床應用邁進一大步。(陳奕華報導)


幹細胞研究熱門，不過取得不易、有倫理問題，2006、2007年日美科學家分別宣布發現把普通皮膚細胞轉為幹細胞的方法，這種幹細胞的功能跟胚胎幹細胞相當，稱做誘導多功能幹細胞，也叫做萬能幹細胞。不過後續研究證實，誘導過程必須的四個基因中(OCT4,SOX2,c-MYC,KLF4)，其中兩個(c-MYC,KLF4)具有使細胞癌化能力，在臨床上使用有相當疑慮。


國家衛生研究院與台大醫院婦產部合作下，領先全球，成功剔除最為困擾的兩個致癌基因，利用胎兒臍帶血管的內皮細胞，只須要使用另外兩個非致癌性基因(OCT4,SOX2)就可以轉變成萬能幹細胞。


國家衛生研究院細胞及系統醫學研究所副研究員顏伶汝說：「利用胎兒臍帶裡面的細胞，這個在研究方面是很容易取得，英文稱做HUVEC，其實只要加入兩個非致癌性基因，這個細胞就可以變成iPS，目前這是第一個，雖然是用胎兒細胞，但是這是算是已經分化好的體細胞，不需特別拿特別甚麼別的細胞來做。」


這類萬能幹細胞在分化實驗中，成功分化成神經、心血管、肝臟等細胞，未來可望能運用在這些方面疾病治療上，這項研究不需要從患者身體抽取，避免技術問題，也沒有胚胎幹細胞倫理問題，同時避免掉有致癌疑慮的基因，為實際進入臨床應用邁進一大步，研究論文在6號登上心血管頂尖雜誌ATVB網站上。

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