Costus閉鞘薑屬

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閉鞘薑屬 Costus
*摘錄
A閉鞘薑
學名：Costus speciosus（Koenig）Smith
科名：薑科（Zingiberaceae）
俗名：水蕉花、絹毛鳶尾、土地公柺仔、山薑頭。
莖：根莖塊狀，橫生，莖基部木質化，株高1~2m，莖以螺旋狀彎曲生長。
葉：互生，無葉柄，長橢圓形或披針形，全緣，長15~20cm，寬6~7cm，平行脈由中央呈羽狀斜出，背面密被絹毛，1葉色翠綠，葉鞘包莖封閉。
花：穗狀花序，頂生，花色純白；苞片革質，紅色，小苞片1枚，側生。花萼革質，紅色；花冠筒短，裂片長圓狀橢圓形；唇瓣寬倒卵形，白色，頂端具裂齒，呈皺波狀；雄蕊1枚，具花瓣狀花絲，花藥於花絲前端，基部橙黃。花期7~9月。
果：蒴果球形，萼片宿存，質稍硬，紅色；種籽呈黑色。果期10~12月。
鑑定特徵：1.莖螺旋狀生長。
2.葉排列方式似旋梯。
分佈：台灣中部及南部低海拔山區；本縣分佈於楠西、南化、東山、大內、六甲、玉井、白河、新化、龍崎等地。
用途：花和花苞以及嫩莖去皮以後，可以用來炒食或涼拌。
閉鞘薑多年生草本植物，在植物分類上是薑科Zingiberaceae；閉鞘薑屬Costus，古阿拉伯語意為芳香植物，種名speciosus，乃是美觀之意，命名者Koenig是丹麥人Johann Gerhard Koenig （1728-1785），為中、印地區植物專家。

閉鞘薑長像特殊，莖因螺旋生長，所以也叫「土地公柺仔」，具有許多的用途：它的味道辛酸、性微寒，莖飽含汁液，可以生食解渴，是山友不可不知的救命恩物；花和花苞以及嫩莖去皮以後，可以用來炒食或涼拌，居住山林間者常以此待客，既新鮮又好吃，但最好加薑絲，以防胃寒者食用傷胃。

此外，也可以用在園藝栽植，以播種、分株或扦插法來繁殖，但最好在春季進行，存活率會比較
高。
*
http://ltrc.tnc.edu.tw/modules/tadbook2 ... 4&bdsn=509
http://web.ncyu.edu.tw/~woodman/f0283.htm
http://www.hljh.tcc.edu.tw/teach/%E6%A0 ... %96%91.htm
http://www.zlp.ks.edu.tw/nature/plants/pl105.htm
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... _speciosus

Costus speciosus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crape_Ginger
圖
http://www.flickr.com/photos/13639096@N06/2233882845/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/59482397@N00/404930535/

閉鞘薑屬其他種
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costus
A.Costus barbatus Spiral Ginger
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costus_barbatus
http://www.flickr.com/photos/keylimepie/374000135/
B
Costus_chartaceus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costus_chartaceus
C.
Costus villosissimus
http://www.flickr.com/photos/25747229@N00/377415040/
D.
Costus malortieanus絨葉閉鞘薑
http://plant.climb.com.tw/modules/media ... lortieanus
E.
Costus maculatus
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/index.php?productID=3604
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... owers2.jpg
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... lowers.jpg
F.
Costus pulverulentus
http://www.flickr.com/photos/arthur_chapman/3047929882/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/xerantheum/479449078/
G.
Costus lasius
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/index.php?productID=3602
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... flower.jpg
H.
Costus 'Tico Sunrise'
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/index.php?productID=7302
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... flower.jpg
I.
Costus montanus
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/index.php?productID=3756
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... flower.jpg
J.
Costus spectabilis
http://www.flickr.com/photos/vsny/2822115766/
K.
Costus 'El Whiskey'
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... inflor.jpg
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/index.php?productID=7260
L.
Costus amazonicus
http://www.nettally.com/skinnerd/ginger ... onicus.htm
M.
Costus cuspidatus
http://www.nettally.com/skinnerd/ginger ... idatus.htm
N.
Costus mosaicus
http://www.nettally.com/skinnerd/ginger ... saicus.htm
O.
Costus arabicus
http://www.nettally.com/skinnerd/ginger ... abicus.htm
P.
Costus tappenbeckianus
http://www.nettally.com/skinnerd/ginger ... kianus.htm
http://www.nettally.com/skinnerd/ginger ... kianus.jpg
Q.
Costus spiralis
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mariasg/317282602/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lindadevolder/2113500724/
R.
Costus guanaiensis var. tarmicus
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/index.php?productID=3600
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... -inflo.jpg
S.
Costus woodsonii "Dwarf Cone Ginger"

http://www.logees.com/images/costus-woodsonii.jpg
T.
Costus lateriflorus
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... lowers.jpg

U.
Costus pictus
http://www.flickr.com/photos/68587888@N00/3218225363/
V.
Costus Speciosus
http://www.flickr.com/photos/acquariana/1213837507/
W.
Costus afer. Spiral ginger.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lindadevolder/1150087575/
X.
Costus villosissimus yellow flower
http://www.flickr.com/photos/flowerfreak/1388910811/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ntsavanna/750408637/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ntsavanna/ ... 706778541/
Y.
Costus malorticanus
http://www.flickr.com/photos/vsny/164226347/
Z.
Costus longebracteolatus
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/index.php?productID=4006
http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... -inflo.jpg
..Costus cuspidatus
https://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~jhay ... tus1_s.JPG
http://www.subtropical.co.nz/images/cat ... idatus.jpg
...Costus campo
http://www.nationale-plantencollectie.n ... campo.html
閉鞘薑屬多種圖
http://www.gingersrus.com/images/thumbn ... pecies+E-G

http://www.gingersrus.com/cart/plantpho ... lower2.jpg
http://www.gingergarden.com/images/stoc ... dsonii.jpg
http://www.toptropicals.com/pics/toptro ... Costus.jpg
http://www.hear.org/starr/images/full/s ... 7-0069.jpg
http://calusapalmliners.com/Costus%20barbatus.JPG
http://www.tropicaldesigns.com/images/c ... lentus.jpg
http://www.flickr.com/photos/vsny/2822115766/sizes/l/

http://image48.webshots.com/48/6/2/46/3 ... mKX_fs.jpg
http://km.fao.org/gipb/images/stories/G ... _CNCRF.jpg

http://www.flickr.com/photos/25747229@N ... 278909194/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/25747229@N00/3467601903/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/vrocampo/3222012469/

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