她有自閉症 但她≠自閉症

[MK]

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/ ... 2kihj.html

更新日期:2011/01/09 04:11
文／蕭伊芳


如果有人總是對你的話毫無反應、甚至迴避你的眼神，也幾乎沒看過他出現過想和你有任何社交互動的表現。他說話可能很緊張、不清不楚或經常重複語句…。這時請先沉住氣，他或許不是對你反感或故意無視你的存在，他可能有影響溝通的自閉性疾患（俗稱自閉症）的症狀。


依據精神疾病診斷準則手冊（DSM-IV-TR），某些症狀的發生可以推論為某種精神疾病，這樣診斷的本意是讓醫療體系人員可以依此對個案有大略而一致的概念，以便在不同時間點幫助個案，但無可否認，有時卻讓個案感到污名化，甚至再次影響到人際關係。


我們不能預期何種身心的變化將「挑戰」或「豐富」我們，或周遭人們的人生。不過，透過對心理疾病的基本認識，我們更能掌握自己的情緒，較不容易因他人看似不友善的「外顯行為」，馬上感覺受到傷害，同時也不會在無意間傷害了對方。


只要是人，都會生病，無論是心病或是身體上的病痛。不過，不管是任何身心上得承受的變化，都不足以抹滅一個人生命的意義。最近在美國艾美獎上光芒四射的電影「唐普耳．格蘭丁」便是敘述科羅拉多州立大學教授唐普耳．格蘭丁博士（Dr. Temple Grandin）的故事。


格蘭丁博士3歲時被診斷有自閉症，直到4歲才學會說話，在一些家人、老師、同學貴人們的幫助下，她學習如何在無法了解周遭他人的言行，無法與他人有適當的互動溝通下，運用自己自閉症的特色─縝密的觀察力以及圖像式連結思考，成為動物行為界的傳奇專家。


因為她，牛隻得以脫離殘酷的飼養生活，在北美有一半以上的牛隻都生長在她所設計的人道飼養系統中。


無論如何，每個人都是獨一無二的，只有相近，沒有相同。當我們以此角度看待自己與別人時，便能漸漸拋下那些根深蒂固的「應該」、「本來就是」的成見，然後就能感受到彼此更多元的特質，也可期待更能相互溝通、欣賞的人際關係了。（作者為新竹市心聆工作坊諮商心理師）

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